What is Passive Optical Local Area Network (POLAN)

Definition of passive optical local area network 

PON (Passive Optical Network). PON (Passive Optical Network) means that (an optical distribution network) does not contain any electronic devices or electronic power supply. All ODNs consist of passive components such as partitions, and do not require expensive active electronic devices.

  • A PON system mainly consists of a terminal line (OLT: Optical Line Terminal) for the central office, an Optical Distribution Network (ODN: Optical Distribution Network) including passive optical components, and an Optical Network Unit/Optical Network Terminal (ONU/ONT Optical) at the user end. Network Optical Network Unit/Terminal, the difference is that the ONT is directly at the user end, and there are other networks between the ONU and the user, such as Ethernet) and Network Element Management System (EMS), which is typically point-to-multiplex. Tree topology.
  • The outstanding advantage of the PON network is the elimination of outdoor active devices, and all signal processing functions are done in the switch and in the user's home equipment. Moreover, the initial investment in this access method is small, and most of the money is postponed until the user actually arrives. Its transmission distance is shorter than that of an active fiber access system, the coverage range is small, but its cost is low, there is no need to set up a separate machine room, and the maintenance is easy. Therefore, this structure can serve home users economically.

  1. POLAN is an abbreviation for Passive Optical Local Area Network
  2. PON is short for Passive Optical Network
  3. LAN is an abbreviation for Local Area Network
  4. WAN is an abbreviation for Wide Area Network
  5. MAN is an abbreviation for MANArea Network
What is a Passive Optical Local Area Network (POLAN)

POLAN Basics

Optical fibers use optical signals to transmit data and information. To retrieve the data at the correct destination, a way is needed to separate it. These elements manage the distribution of the signal to specific clients. These switching elements work in different ways to place Incoming and outgoing signals in a convenient place.

On the other hand, the passive optical network does not include any electrically powered switching elements. Instead, they use optical dividers to separate and combine optical signals. Since these elements do not require power, hence the name “passive,” these networks require power only at the source. It receives the end of the signal. This progress is one of the advantages of information and communications technology.



Features of the PON system


It is considered one of the types of communication networks and is one of the breakthroughs taking place in the world of information technology, programming, as well as wired and wireless communications.

  1. It is relatively low in material cost, simple to maintain, easy to expand, and easy to upgrade. The PON structure does not need a power supply and electronic components in transmission. It is basically maintenance-free and saves a lot of operation and management costs in the long run
  2. It is a clear medium network, completely avoiding electromagnetic interference and lightning effect, and is very suitable for use in areas with poor natural conditions.
  3. This network system takes little resources from the local office, has low initial investment, easy expansion, and high return on investment
  4. Provides very high bandwidth. EPON can provide 1.25Gb/s symmetrical bandwidth up and down and can be upgraded to 10Gb/s with the development of Ethernet technology. GPON has up to 2.5Gb/s bandwidth.
  5. This network uses a fan-shaped architecture to keep shared resources to serve a large number of users.
  6. Bandwidth is flexible and Quality of Service (QoS) is guaranteed. G/EPON system has a complete bandwidth allocation system.

Implementation of FTTH in PON


The optical fibers that reach the user side vary depending on the situation, and broadband optical access network modes include, which are referred to as FTTx, including: fttn (fiber to the node), fttz (fiber to the area), fttcab (fiber to the cabinet), FTTC(Fiber to Curb), FTTB(Fiber to the Premises), FTTP(Fiber to Premise), FTTH(Fiber to Cabinet) Home)(FTTO(Fiber to Office)。

Among them, FTTH, FTTB/C, fttcab are the most important applications. FTTH, FTTO and FTTP are the most ideal broadband fiber access mode



Typical FTTH network architecture


A typical network architecture for FTTH is shown in Figure. According to the different business needs of users and home wiring situation, the home network can adopt different home networking modes, either wired or wired + AP wireless access mode, which can have convenient and flexible access to voice, broadband data, IPTV, WLAN and other services.
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